Biology Breeding refers to the application of principles and methods from genetics, molecular biology, and modern biotechnology, utilizing techniques such as transgenics, gene editing, whole genome selection, and synthetic biology for the targeted improvement and breeding of organisms.
Biological breeding technologies embody the latest achievements and applications in contemporary biological research. Currently, seizing the commanding heights of biological breeding technology and its industrial development has become a significant strategic choice for countries worldwide to enhance the core competitiveness of their agricultural industries.
Classification of Biological Breeding
1. Based on Breeding Targets:
- Plant Breeding: Includes crop breeding and horticultural breeding, aiming to improve plant varieties to enhance crop yield, resilience, and quality.
- Animal Breeding: Encompasses livestock breeding, poultry breeding, and aquaculture breeding, with the goal of improving animal varieties to enhance production performance, disease resistance, and adaptability to different environments.
- Marine Biological Breeding: Focuses on breeding marine organisms such as fish, shellfish, and algae, aiming to improve growth rates, resilience, and reproductive capacity through genetic modifications.
- Microbial Breeding: Targets industrial and agricultural microorganisms, improving their metabolic capabilities and resilience through genetic modification, widely applied in fermentation, environmental remediation, and agricultural production.
2. Based on Specific Application Scenarios:
- Agricultural Breeding: Includes plant and animal breeding, primarily aimed at increasing agricultural productivity, enhancing disease resistance, and environmental adaptability to ensure food security.
- Industrial Breeding: Such as microbial breeding, applied in fermentation, pharmaceuticals, and bioenergy sectors, focusing on improving production efficiency and product quality.
Development of Biological Breeding
- Original Breeding: Relies on natural and artificial selection, breeding individuals with desirable traits. This process has a long cycle and is limited by naturally occurring genetic variations.
- Conventional Breeding: Utilizes hybrid breeding, mutation breeding, and heterosis to significantly enhance breeding efficiency, but still depends on natural variation and has a long breeding cycle.
- Molecular Marker-Assisted Breeding: Uses genetic markers and DNA sequencing to identify and select gene segments associated with desirable traits during the breeding process, improving selection efficiency and accuracy, but does not involve direct gene modification.
- Molecular Design Breeding: Employs gene editing (like CRISPR) and transgenic technologies to precisely modify specific genes, shortening breeding cycles, reducing costs, and enhancing the resilience and yield of crops and animals. Synthetic biology breeding, as an important branch of molecular breeding, utilizes gene synthesis technology to design and create new gene combinations for specific trait improvements, further enhancing breeding efficiency and accuracy.
Currently, biological breeding is entering a new phase that combines conventional methods with molecular biotechnology. Gene synthesis technology, as a key driving force in this process, significantly improves breeding efficiency, reduces costs, and opens up more possibilities for future breeding explorations.
Tsingke provides customers with high-quality, rapid gene synthesis services of up to 200 kb, driving continuous innovation in biological breeding. Our technical capabilities will inject strong momentum into your breeding projects, facilitating more efficient variety improvement and sustainable agricultural or industrial production. We look forward to collaborating with researchers to create a bright future for biological breeding.
